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Key Lime Pie Recipe

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Key Lime Pie has a nice contrast of textures and flavors. A sweet yet grainy graham cracker crust, a creamy yet tangy lime flavored filling, topped with soft and fluffy whipped cream. As its name implies, Key Lime Pie was first made in the Florida Keys, which is also where Key limes are grown. John Mariani in 'The Dictionary of American Food and Drink' tells us "that the recipe developed with the advent of sweetened condensed milk in 1856"

Although the first Key lime pies were made with a pastry crust, many recipes, including this one, now use a graham cracker crust. It is, by far, the simplest of all the pie crusts. Just graham cracker crumbs, a little sugar, and melted butter are needed. If you have trouble getting the right consistency of crumbs to butter, there is a test. Once you have mixed the ingredients together, squeeze a little in your fist; if the mixture holds together, you have the perfect crust. Once the crust is made it is simply pressed into a pie pan and placed in the refrigerator to chill.

Next, the filling. A Key Lime Pie is very similar to a Lemon Meringue Pie, only instead of using lemons it is made with Key limes. Key limes are instantly recognizable as they are so much smaller than a regular Persian lime. In fact, it takes about 18 - 20 Key limes to get 1/2 cup (120 ml) of juice whereas you need only 3-4 Persian limes to get the same amount of juice. Key limes are a small, round, hard, yellow and green colored, very acidic fruit that grows in Florida. If you cannot find Key limes in your area, don't fret, as regular Persian limes also make an excellent pie. Just do not use bottled Key lime juice, which has a very harsh flavor. An interesting side note; although the filling is made with green limes, the color of the baked filling is actually yellow. The only 'green' you will find is from the flecks of lime zest. Along with the limes, the filling contains sweetened condensed milk which is made from whole milk and sugar that are heated until most of the water has evaporated. It is a thick, sticky and very sweet mixture that makes a wonderful Key lime filling. Because the filling also contains egg yolks, we do need to bake the pie until the filling is set. Once baked and cooled it is topped with softly whipped cream.

Key Lime Pies can have either a meringue or a whipped cream topping. I prefer whipped cream which is made from the cream (fat) that rises to the top of whole milk. It has a smooth, satiny texture and is labeled according to its butterfat content (heavy to light). The best cream to use for this pie is "Heavy" Cream or Heavy "Whipping" Cream which means it has a 36 - 40% butterfat that will double in volume when whipped and hold its form. Because of its superior flavor, I recommend using an organic brand of heavy whipping cream.

 

Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F (177 degrees C) and place the rack in the center of the oven.

Graham Cracker Crust:  Mix together the graham cracker crumbs, sugar, and melted butter. Press onto the bottom and up the sides of a well greased 9 inch (23 cm) pie or tart pan. Cover with plastic wrap and place in the refrigerator to chill while you make the filling. 

Filling: In the bowl of your electric mixer, with the whisk attachment, beat the egg yolks until pale and fluffy (about 3 minutes). Gradually add the condensed milk and beat until you have a light and fluffy mixture (4-5 minutes). Scrape down the sides of the bowl and beat in the lime juice and zest. 

Pour the filling into the crust and bake for about 10 minutes, or until the filling is set. Remove from oven and place on a wire rack to cool. Once it has completely cooled, cover and refrigerator until serving time. (The pie can be made to this point and stored in the refrigerator for a couple of days.) Just before serving make the whipping cream.

In a separate bowl, beat the whipping cream until soft peaks form. Add the sugar and beat until stiff peaks form. Either pipe or place mounds of whipping cream on top of the filling. 

Makes 1 - 9 inch (23 cm) pie or tart. 

Sources:

Grigson, Jane. 'Jane Grigson's Fruit Book'. Penguin Books London. London: 1982.

Stewart, Martha. 'Martha Stewart's Baking Book'. Clarkson Potter/Publishers. New York: 2005.

Walter, Carole. 'Great Pies & Tarts'. Clarkson Potter/Publishers. New York: 1998.

GRAHAM CRACKER CRUST:

1 1/4 cup (125 grams) graham cracker crumbs

2 tablespoons (30 grams) granulated white sugar 

5 - 6 tablespoons (70 - 85 grams) unsalted butter, melted

FILLING:

3 large egg yolks

One 14 - ounce (390 grams) can sweetened condensed milk

1/2 cup (120 grams) key lime juice

2 teaspoons grated lime zest

TOPPING:

1 cup (240 ml) heavy whipping cream

2 tablespoons (25 grams) granulated white sugar

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